剑桥雅思13Test4阅读passage1真题翻译(2)

剑桥雅思13Test4阅读passage1真题翻译(2) 关于这个问题下面小编就来为各个考生解答下。

剑桥雅思13Test4阅读passage1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Cutty Sark: the fastest sailing ship of all time“

卡蒂萨克”号:史上最快的帆船

Steam ships posed a growing threat to clippers, as their speed and cargo capacity increased. In addition, the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869，the same year that Cutty Sark was launched, had a serious impact. While steam ships could make use of the quick, direct route between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, the canal was of no use to sailing ships, which needed the much stronger winds of the oceans, and so had to sail a far greater distance. Steam ships reduced the journey time between Britain and China by approximately two months.

随着蒸汽船的速度和承载能力的提高,它们逐渐对帆船造成威胁、此外,1869年苏伊士运河通航,即“卡蒂萨克”号正式服役的同一年,运河的开通对帆船也造成严重影响。虽然蒸汽船可利用地中海和红海之间的直线快速航线,但运河对帆船却毫无用处,因为它们需要强劲的海风驱动,因此必须航行更远的距离。旅汽船使英国和中国之间的航行时间减少了大约两个月。

By 1878, tea traders weren’t interested in Cutty Sark, and instead, she took on the much less prestigious work of carrying any cargo between any two ports in the world. In 1880, violence aboard the ship led ultimately to the replacement of the captain with an incompetent drunkard who stole the crew’s wages. He was suspended from service, and a new captain appointed. This marked a turnaround and the beginning of the most successful period in Cutty Sark's working life, transporting wool from Australia to Britain. One such journey took just under 12 weeks, beating every other ship sailing that year by around a month.

到1878年时,茶商们已经对“卡蒂萨克”号失去了兴趣,相反,它开始承担一些不那么光彩的工作,在世界上随便两个港口之间运输各种货物、1880年,船上发生的暴力事件最终导致了船长的更换,原船长是一个无能的醉汉,他偷走了船员的工资。将他停职后,又任命了一位新的船长。这标志着一次转机,也标志着“卡蒂萨克”号开启了一生中最辉煌的时期,它开始从澳大利亚向英国运输羊毛。往返一次的时间不到12周,在当年领先所有船只1个月的时间。

The ship’s next captain, Richard Woodget, was an excellent navigator, who got the best out of both his ship and his crew. As a sailing ship, Cutty Sark depended on the strong trade winds of the southern hemisphere, and Woodget took her further south than any previous captain, bringing her dangerously close to icebergs off the southern tip of South America. His gamble paid off, though, and the ship was the fastest vessel in the wool trade for ten years.

“卡蒂萨克”号的下一任船长 Richard Woodget是一位出色的航海家,他充分利用了卡蒂萨克”号和所有船员。作为一艘帆船,“卡蒂萨克”号依靠南半球强大的信风才能航行。与其他船长相比, Woodget把她带到了前任船长们没到过的更南方,把她带到了险恶的南美洲南端的冰山附近。但他的赌博获得了回报,使“卡蒂萨克”号成为往后十年羊毛行业中最快的运输船。

As competition from steam ships increased in the 1890s, and Cutty Sark approached the end of her life expectancy, she became less profitable. She was sold to a Portuguese firm, which renamed her Ferreira. For the next 25 years, she again carried miscellaneous cargoes around the world.

随着19世纪90年代来自蒸汽船的竞争,“卡蒂萨克”号到达了生命的终点,她变得不那么赚钱了。她被卖给了一家葡萄牙公司,改名为“‘费雷拉”号。在随后的25年中,她再次在全世界运送着杂七杂八的货物。

Badly damaged in a gale in 1922, she was put into Falmouth harbour in southwest England, for repairs. Wilfred Dowman, a retired sea captain who owned a training vessel, recognised her and tried to buy her, but without success. She returned to Portugal and was sold to another Portuguese company. Dowman was determined, however, and offered a high price: this was accepted, and the ship returned to Falmouth the following year and had her original name restored.

1922年,她在一场大风中严重受损,便转入位于英格兰西南部的法尔茅斯港口进行修理。拥有训练船的一位退休船长 Wilfred dowman认出了这就是“卡蒂萨克”号,试图收购她未果。之后,她又被送到葡萄牙,卖给另一家葡萄牙公司。然而, Dowman下定决心提出了更高的收购价格:最终对方接受了这个价格。于是第二年她又被运送到法尔茅斯恢复了最初的名字。

Dowman used Cutty Sark as a training ship, and she continued in this role after his death. When she was no longer required, in 1954, she was transferred to dry dock at Greenwich to go on public display. The ship suffered from fire in 2007, and again, less seriously, in 2014, but now Cutty Sark attracts a quarter of a million visitors a year.

Dowman把她作为一艘训练船使用,在他死后她也一直担任这个角色。在她失去作用以后,1954年她被转入格林尼治区的干船坞公开陈列。该船于2007年遭遇了一场严重的火灾,2014年又遭遇一场小火灾,而现在“卡蒂萨克”号每年吸引了25万的游客前来参观。

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