托福tpo53听力lecture3 The History of Tea

2023-05-23 15:25:06 来源：金宝搏188入口

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The History of Tea托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、The History of Tea托福听力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a world history class.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Now,according to Chinese legend,the first person to drink tea was a Chinese emperor who lived nearly 5,000 years ago.This emperor was…oh,you could call him an amateur scientist,and he wisely required all drinking water to be boiled,for hygiene.So,once,uh,when visiting some distant part of his empire,he noticed that a breeze had blown some leaves into his pot of boiling water.And these leaves turned the water kind of brown.So…well,would it be your first impulse to drink this?Probably not.But he thought the resulting brew smelled pretty good,and in the name of science and discovery,he tasted it,and the practice of drinking tea was born.

Uh,well,a good story,but actually,we cannot say with any certainty just who first discovered how to make tea.We can be confident,though,that the Chinese have been using it in some form for close to 5,000 years.And,from those earliest times,more and more tea was cultivated to meet the growing demand,and tea became an important part of the economy of China.In fact,it was formed into sort of bricks and used as a common type of currency for trade.But its effect on Chinese culture was even more profound.Tea became extremely popular in China,and scholars even wrote works discussing how to grow tea,prepare it,drink it…really championing tea…one of them saying it was like“the sweetest dew of heaven.”

Now,recommendations like this could only add to its huge popularity there.But tea was also spreading throughout Asia.In Japan,perhaps even more than in China,tea became a major cultural symbol—and one of refinement,of etiquette,and aesthetics,uh,well,best seen in the traditional Japanese tea ceremony,which is still performed today.This is an intricate formal ritual,a ceremony that can take hours to complete.Clearly,tea became not just a beverage in Japanese culture—but much,much more.Tea eventually got to western Europe after European traders,uh,mainly Portuguese and Dutch,brought the first small commercial shipment of tea back to Europe.Unfortunately,it was mostly just treated as a curiosity,since no one knew quite how it was supposed to be used.

A few had pretty some strong opinions,though.One German doctor wrote a book saying tea was harmful,actually poisonous.But at about the same time,another doctor,uh,from Holland,wrote another book calling tea a miracle cure for just about everything.Who to believe?

So,anyway,tea didn’t really catch on in Germany or France as something just to enjoy drinking—they seemed to prefer coffee.But England did take to tea,and to an extent that nobody could have foreseen…such that even today we tend to associate England—uh,Great Britain—with tea.And,uh,well,a bit of perspective—at the start of the eighteenth century,almost nobody in England drank tea;but by the end of it almost everybody did.By the 1750s,official records show tea imports up from almost nothing to about 20 million kilos—and those records didn't even begin to account for all the tea smuggled into the country illegally,to avoid paying taxes.And as for reasons for the popularity of tea there...well,tea first became fashionable after the King of England married a Portuguese princess who loved tea,and pretty soon more and more people started copying her and drinking tea.Later,when a direct trade route was established between China and England,the supply of tea greatly increased.Most important,though,tea drinking became sociable.And,uh,although coffee houses or taverns were generally considered to be for men only,tea shops became places where women could come and even bring their families.And soon there were tea parties,uh,books on tea etiquette and even tea gardens—parks filled with lights,and walkways,and—and venues for musical performances—places where people of all social classes could go to drink tea and socialize.By the end of the eighteenth century,all classes of English society drank tea—from royalty to common workers.Tea became a staple of everyday life—part of the common culture and,uh,traditionally considered by many…the very mark of being English.

二、The History of Tea托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：在世界历史课上听讲座的一部分。女教授：现在，根据中国传说，第一个喝茶的人是生活在近5000年前的中国皇帝。这位皇帝……哦，你可以称他为业余科学家，为了卫生，他明智地要求所有饮用水都要煮沸。所以，有一次，呃，当他访问帝国的某个遥远的地方时，他注意到微风把一些树叶吹进了他的沸水锅。这些叶子把水变成了棕色。那么……嗯，这是你第一次喝这个吗？可能不会。但他认为酿造出来的茶味道很好，以科学和发现的名义，他尝了尝，于是饮茶的习俗就诞生了。

嗯，好吧，一个很好的故事，但实际上，我们不能确切地说是谁最先发现了泡茶。然而，我们可以相信，中国人以某种形式使用它已经有近5000年的历史了。而且，从最早的时候起，为了满足日益增长的需求，人们种植了越来越多的茶叶，茶叶成为中国经济的重要组成部分。事实上，它被制成一种砖块，并被用作一种常见的贸易货币。但它对中国文化的影响更为深远。茶在中国变得极为流行，学者们甚至写了一些文章讨论如何种植茶、准备茶、喝茶……真正拥护茶……其中一人说茶就像“天堂里最甜的露水”

现在，像这样的推荐只会增加它在那里的巨大知名度。但茶叶也在亚洲各地传播。在日本，也许比在中国更为重要的是，茶成为了一种重要的文化象征，是优雅、礼仪和美学的象征之一，嗯，最好的表现形式是日本传统的茶道，至今仍在进行。这是一个复杂的正式仪式，可能需要几个小时才能完成。显然，在日本文化中，茶不仅仅是一种饮料，而且还有很多很多。在欧洲贸易商（主要是葡萄牙人和荷兰人）将第一批小型商业茶叶运回欧洲后，茶叶最终传到了西欧。不幸的是，由于没有人确切知道它应该如何使用，它基本上只是一种好奇。

不过，也有一些人有相当强烈的意见。一位德国医生写了一本书，说茶有害，实际上有毒。但大约在同一时间，另一位来自荷兰的医生写了另一本书，称茶是治疗一切疾病的灵丹妙药。相信谁？

所以，不管怎样，茶在德国或法国并没有真正流行起来，因为人们似乎更喜欢喝咖啡。但英国确实喜欢喝茶，而且在某种程度上没有人能预见到……甚至在今天，我们都倾向于把英国，呃，英国和茶联系起来。嗯，好吧，从18世纪初的角度来看，几乎没有人在英国喝茶；但到最后，几乎所有人都这么做了。到了17世纪50年代，官方记录显示，茶叶进口量从几乎为零增加到约2000万公斤，而这些记录甚至没有开始解释所有非法走私到该国的茶叶，以避免纳税。至于茶在那里流行的原因……嗯，在英国国王娶了一位热爱茶的葡萄牙公主之后，茶首先变得流行起来，很快，越来越多的人开始模仿她并喝茶。后来，中国和英国之间建立了直接贸易路线，茶叶的供应量大大增加。不过，最重要的是，喝茶变得合群了。虽然咖啡馆或酒馆通常被认为是男性专用的，但茶馆成了女性前来甚至带家人的地方。很快就有了茶会，呃，关于茶礼仪的书籍，甚至还有茶园公园，公园里灯火通明，人行道和音乐表演场所，所有社会阶层的人都可以在这里喝茶和社交。到十八世纪末，英国社会的所有阶层都从皇室向普通工人喝茶。茶成了日常生活的主食，是共同文化的一部分，而且，嗯，许多人传统上认为茶是英国人的标志。

三、The History of Tea托福听力问题：

Q1:1.What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A.To give reasons for the rise in popularity of tea drinking in England

B.To trace the historical development of tea drinking around the world

C.To contrast Asian tea drinking practices with European ones

D.To show why tea drinking developed into a formal cultural ritual

Q2:2.What is the professor's opinion about the origin of tea drinking?

A.She is pleased that it was a scientist that made the discovery.

B.She believes that the story of the Chinese emperor is historically accurate.

C.She doubts that tea drinking actually had its origin in China.

D.She thinks that the true origin of tea drinking may never be known.

Q3:3.The professor discusses the role of tea in China,Japan,and England.What does she emphasize as an important effect that tea had in all three countries?

A.The tea trade led to more efficient business practices in each country.

B.Tea drinking improved the health of people in all three countries.

C.Tea drinking became a part of each country's cultural identity.

D.The use of tea supported the existing class structure of each country.

Q4:4.According to the professor,why was tea NOT popular at first when it was brought to Europe?

A.It was of poor quality.

B.Most people could not afford it.

C.Most people thought it was dangerous.

D.People did not know what to do with it.

Q5:5.What does the professor imply about eighteenth-century records of the amount of tea imported into England?

A.They somewhat exaggerate the importance of the tea trade in that century.

B.They show that demand for tea remained low until the end of the century.