中法发表气候变化联合声明

France and China agree to monitor climate change pledges

英国《金融时报》 迈克尔˙斯托瑟德 巴黎报道

China and France have agreed that any global pact on climate change at a meeting in Paris next month should include a mechanism to monitor progress on emission cuts every five years, with a view to ratcheting up commitments.

中国和法国一致认为，下月巴黎会议期间达成的任何全球气候变化协定，都应该包括一套每五年监测减排进展的机制，以期加大减排承诺力度。

Fran?ois Hollande, France’s president, said that support for a monitoring system from China, the world’s biggest polluter, was a “major step” forward that created a “likelihood the Paris conference will succeed”.

法国总统弗朗索瓦?奥朗德(Fran?ois Hollande)表示，身为全球最大污染来源国的中国支持创建一个监测体系，是向着“巴黎会议将取得成功的可能性”迈出的“一大步”。

Mr Hollande was meeting Chinese president Xi Jinping in Beijing as Paris prepares to host delegates from nearly 200 countries to try to strike an accord to keep the rise in global temperatures below 2C, an internationally-agreed goal scientists say should be met to avoid risky changes in the climate.

奥朗德是在北京会晤中国国家主席习近平的时候，同中方达成上述协议的。巴黎方面正准备迎接近200个国家的代表，试图达成一项协定，把全球升温幅度限制在不超过2摄氏度的范围内，这是国际社会同意的一个目标。科学家们称，它对于避免气候出现危险的变化是必要的。

France wants to reach agreement on a monitoring mechanism by the end of the Paris talks to allow for increased cuts to emissions in the future.

法国希望在巴黎会议结束前就一套监测机制达成协议，为未来加大减排幅度开辟空间。

“[The agreement] doesn’t mean that the Paris conference is definitely going to be a success, but the conditions for success have been laid down in Beijing today,” said Mr Hollande.

“（这个协议）并不意味着巴黎会议肯定会取得成功，但成功的条件今日已在北京奠定，”奥朗德表示。

This is in part because, according to the UN, the current pledges made by nearly 150 nations ahead of the conference will not be enough to meet the 2C target by the end of the century.

这在一定程度上是因为，根据联合国的说法，近150个国家在会前作出的承诺，将不足以达到本世纪末升温幅度不超过2摄氏度的目标。

Environmental groups on Monday said the bilateral agreement between France and China was a step forward, showing intent by Beijing, and was in stark contrast to the country’s level of engagement ahead of the Copenhagen summit in 2009.

环保团体周一表示，法国和中国之间达成的双边协议确实是向前迈出的一步，展现出北京方面的意愿，这与中国在2009年哥本哈根峰会之前的参与度形成强烈对比。

Jennifer Morgan, director of the climate programme at the World Resources Institute, said the support of China for this mechanism would help “put pressure on others,” such as the US and India to support it as well.

世界资源研究所(World Resources Institute)气候计划总监珍妮弗?摩根(Jennifer Morgan)表示，中国对这一机制的支持将有助于“对其他国家施压”，迫使美国和印度等国家也表态支持。

But the agreement was labelled an “incremental step forward” by campaigners at Greenpeace, who highlighted the vague language.

但绿色和平组织(Greenpeace)活动人士形容这项协议是“向前迈出的一小步”，他们指出协议的措辞相当含糊。

The statement said that each signatory to the Paris accord should have their progress reviewed every five years to see if they are achieving their “approved long-term goals”

《中法元首气候变化联合声明》称，巴黎协定的缔约方应该每五年盘点实现“经议定长期目标”的总体进展。

But it remained unclear who would conduct the review or how it would be enforced, leaving the details to be hammered out in the coming weeks.

但尚不清楚将由谁进行盘点，或者它将如何得到执行，把具体细节留到未来几周敲定。

“This is no time for champagne. This bilateral statement should be another springboard instead of the last word for the Paris agreement,” said Jean-Francois Julliard, executive director of Greenpeace France.

“现在还不到开香槟的时候。这种双边声明应该是又一个跳板，而不是巴黎协定的定论，”绿色和平法国的执行主任让-弗朗索瓦?朱利亚尔(Jean-Francois Julliard)表示。

Mr Hollande said on Monday he wanted not just a mechanism but “the necessary upward revision of the national pledges every five years” included in the Paris agreement. However, this language was not in the declaration signed between Mr Hollande and Mr Xi.

奥朗德周一表示，他想要的不只是一个机制，而是在巴黎协定中纳入“每五年对各国的承诺作必要上调”。但在奥朗德和习近平签署的联合声明中看不到这方面的表态。

The two presidents did declare their intention to release their own national strategies to develop low-carbon economies by 2050 as soon as possible within the next five years.

两位国家领导人确实宣告，他们计划在未来五年尽早公布各自的2050年国家低碳发展战略。

The state visit and joint-statement highlights the intense diplomatic efforts being made by Mr Hollande ahead of the Paris conference, which the government is keen to make a success.

国事访问和联合声明突显奥朗德在巴黎会议之前作出密集的外交努力，他的政府热衷于确保此次会议取得成功。

China is a critical player in the negotiations. The success of the conference may hinge on debates over whether developed or developing countries should bear more of the burden for reducing emissions, and how this will be financed.

中国是气候谈判的关键参与者。本次会议的成功可能取决于这样的辩论：发达国家或发展中国家谁应该承担更多减排负担？减排的资金如何落实？

译者/和风