英语专四备考系列：作文摸板--分析利弊/差异型。在这类题型中，考生往往被要求分析某件事情的利弊或是两件事情之间的差异 ，题干中会明确地提到以下关键词 ：

　　advantages and disadvantages

　　merits and demerits

　　strengths and weaknesses

　　benefits and dangers

　　positive and negative

　　the importance/significance/benefits of ...

　　the main differences between ... and ...

　典型真题

　　(1995)

　　Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend.

　　(1996)

　　Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Student’s Union to write a passage entitled:

　　The Main Difference Between My College Life and My Middle School Life

　　(1999)

　　We see advertisements on television everyday. Some people think that TV advertising brings us bene? ts, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion?

　　Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television

　　(2000)

　　College life should be varied and colorful and extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improvement in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:

　　The Importance of Extracurricular Activities

　　Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the signi?cance of travel through our own experience:

　　Travel Broadens the Mind

　　(2003)

　　People in modern society live under a lot of pressure, from education, career or family. So it is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.

　　The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood

　　(2008)

　　December 5th is International Volunteers’ Day. Since 1985, when the United Nations announced the special day, tens of millions of people around the world have volunteered to help those in need. China now has 4.5 million registered volunteers that have provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. What can you gain from volunteering? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

　　The Bene? ts of Volunteering

解题思路

　　考生要看清题目的要求，有时是需要利弊两方面都谈，有时题干中已经规定好了是写优势、重要性还是弊端。阅卷人往往希望看到考生的文章思路开阔、条理清晰，比如2008

　　年的题目，题干要求论述“志愿活动的好处”，主体部分可以着重论述志愿活动对社会的好处，也可以论述志愿活动给志愿者本人带来的好处，还可以兼顾两方面。构思立意时要从多个角度论述自己的观点，并对所有素材加以整合、归纳。以讨论“对志愿者自己的好处”为例，考生可以讨论如下好处：

　　第一，提升交际、沟通能力（包括扩大交际面，与不同的人打交道，协调不同的关系，理解不同的立场等）。

　　第二，提高工作能力、学以致用（主要谈对自己知识、技能的提高有什么作用，包括学校知识的运用、实际能力的提高等，注意与前面的“交际能力”有所区分）。

　　第三，成就感，获得心理上的满足（获得尊敬与承认，实现自我价值）。

　常用模板

　　1. 引言段：AAA has improved the quality of our lives and is playing an important role in our daily life. The benefits that AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages. However, we cannot ignore its problems.

　　主体段：On the positive side, AAA has enabled us to (AAA 的优势1). For instance, ...Besides, (优势2). Nowadays, ... In addition, (优势3), such as ... On the negative side, (AAA的弊端1). For example, ... Besides, (弊端2). Furthermore, (弊端3).

　　总结段 ：All in all, we cannot live without AAA for the convenience it brings to us, but we

　　should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.

　　2.引言段：BBB has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life and its advantages are undeniable to us.

　　主体段 ：Most importantly, (BBB 的好处1). (详细阐述) We should also focus our attention on (好处2). (详细阐述) Likewise, (好处3) is worth some words here. (详细阐述)

　　总结段 ：All in all, it is no denying that we cannot live without BBB. It ..., ..., and ... （再总结压缩一下BBB 的优势或重要性 ）

　　3.引言段 ：(复述题干背景) Comparing CCC with DDD, there do exist many differences.

　　主体段 ：The maj or difference lies in ... (详细阐述). There is also a difference in the aspect of ...(详细阐述)

　　总结段 ：To sum up, CCC and DDD are different considering ... and ...

　　4.引言段 ：(复述题干背景) Looking into EEE and FFF, the maj or difference is that ...

　　主体段 ：(因为只是 阐述主要 的差异 ，题干 中是单数 ，所 以一定要注意围绕这一点详细阐述 ）

　　总结段 ：Comparing EEE with FFF, there are many differences, among which the most prominent one lies in ...